Prison Island (Changuu Island) | Zanzibar

Information

Landmark: Prison Island (Changuu Island)
City: Zanzibar
Country: Tanzania
Continent: Africa

Prison Island (Changuu Island), Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa

Prison Island, also known as Changuu Island, is a small island located approximately 5.6 kilometers northwest of Zanzibar City, Tanzania.

Visual Characteristics

The island features a central plateau with a maximum elevation of 10 meters above sea level. Its coastline is characterized by coral sand beaches and exposed coral rock formations at low tide. Vegetation consists of dense scrub and scattered coconut palms. The island's structures include a former prison building constructed from coral stone and lime mortar, and several other smaller buildings.

Location & Access Logistics

Access to Prison Island is exclusively by boat from Zanzibar City's Malindi Port. Boat transfers typically take 20-30 minutes. Several local tour operators offer scheduled trips. There is no vehicle access to the island; visitors disembark directly onto the beach. Parking is available at Malindi Port in Zanzibar City.

Historical & Ecological Origin

Changuu Island was originally a coral reef formation. In the 1860s, it was designated as a prison for slaves by the first Sultan of Zanzibar, Barghash bin Said. The prison structure was completed in 1893 but was never used for its intended purpose. The island later served as a quarantine station for individuals with yellow fever. It is now a protected nature reserve, primarily known for its population of Aldabra giant tortoises.

Key Highlights & Activities

Visitors can observe and interact with the Aldabra giant tortoises. Snorkeling and swimming are possible in the surrounding clear waters, particularly on the western side of the island. A walk through the abandoned prison buildings provides historical context. The island also has a small, privately-run resort with a restaurant.

Infrastructure & Amenities

Restrooms are available at the resort area. Limited shade is provided by palm trees and the resort structures. Cell phone signal (4G) is generally available. Food and beverages can be purchased at the resort restaurant.

Best Time to Visit

The best time of day for photography is generally mid-morning or late afternoon when the sun angle is lower, reducing harsh shadows. The dry seasons, from June to October and December to February, offer the most favorable weather conditions for boat travel and outdoor activities. High tide is preferable for swimming and snorkeling closer to the shore.

Facts & Legends

A notable historical oddity is that the prison was never actually used to house prisoners. The Aldabra giant tortoises, some of which are over 100 years old, were introduced to the island from the Seychelles in the early 20th century to establish a breeding program.