Fort McHenry | Baltimore

Information

Landmark: Fort McHenry
City: Baltimore
Country: USA Maryland
Continent: North America

Fort McHenry, Baltimore, USA Maryland, North America

Fort McHenry is a star-shaped fortification located in Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

It is recognized for its role in the War of 1812 and its subsequent designation as a National Monument and Historic Shrine.

Visual Characteristics

The fort is constructed primarily of brick and earthworks, forming a five-pointed star shape. Its walls stand approximately 20 feet high. The exterior is a weathered red brick, with visible ramparts and bastions. A central flagpole stands at the highest point. The surrounding area is a grassy parade ground.

Location & Access Logistics

Fort McHenry is situated at 2400 East Fort Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21230. It is approximately 3 miles southeast of Baltimore's Inner Harbor. Access is via East Fort Avenue, which leads directly to the fort's entrance. Ample parking is available within the fort grounds. Public transportation options include the BaltimoreLink bus route 1, which stops near the fort's entrance.

Historical & Ecological Origin

Construction of Fort McHenry began in 1798 and was completed in 1803. It was designed by Lieutenant Colonel Jonathan Williams, the first chief engineer of the U.S. Army. Its original purpose was to defend the Port of Baltimore from naval attack. The fort's design is a classic example of late 18th-century fortification engineering.

Key Highlights & Activities

Visitors can explore the fort's interior, including barracks, powder magazines, and officers' quarters. Ranger-led programs and interpretive talks are offered daily. The Star-Spangled Banner Flag House and Museum is located within the fort. Walking the perimeter ramparts provides views of the Baltimore Harbor.

Infrastructure & Amenities

Restrooms are available within the visitor center and near the fort entrance. Shaded areas are limited to the interior of the fort's buildings and a few trees on the parade ground. Cell phone signal (4G/5G) is generally available. Food vendors are not present within the fort; however, concessions are available at the visitor center, and dining options are located in nearby Baltimore neighborhoods.

Best Time to Visit

For optimal lighting for photography of the fort's exterior, early morning or late afternoon is recommended. The best months for weather are typically April through October, with average temperatures ranging from 60°F to 80°F. Tidal conditions do not directly impact access to the fort itself.

Facts & Legends

The fort's most famous association is with the defense of Baltimore Harbor during the War of 1812. Following a 25-hour bombardment by British ships, American forces successfully defended the fort. This event inspired Francis Scott Key to write the poem that would become "The Star-Spangled Banner," the U.S. national anthem. A replica of the original 15-star, 15-stripe flag that flew over the fort is displayed.